Gamefowl | Galliformes

Galliformes is a large and diverse group of heavy-bodied, ground feeding birds. Also known as landfowl or game birds, galliformes are non-migratory and skilled runners, using their speed to escape predators as opposed to flying away. Galliformes are found on essentially all continents, but are rare or completely absent on islands, or areas that are completely ice or desert. Galliformes are chicken-like in appearance with blunt wings; their plumage can range from dark and drab to bright and colorful. Galliformes are omnivores and eat plant matter, as well as, insects, snakes, worms, or even small rodents. Galliformes have been domesticated and bred by humans for food or kept as pets.

What are game birds?

Game birds are wild birds that are hunted for sport and also raised for commercial purposes for their meat or egg production. Some species are trained to become ‘flight-ready’ birds for release in hunting preserves. Laws regulate their hunting, as well as protect their breeding season.

What do game birds eat?

A game birds diet depends on their species and if they are in the wild or in captivity. Typically, game birds in captivity have a diet that varies depending if they are being raised for breeding, meat, or shooting preserves. Game birds in the wild typically eat leaves, grasses, fruits, berries, seeds, and insects.

What species are game birds?

There are more than 400 species of game birds. The species include the guinea fowl, peacock, pigeon, and squab. Other species are the swan, dove, and some ducks. The most popular game birds hunted for sport and food are grouses, patridges, pheasants, quails, snipes, wild turkeys, and woodcocks.

Gamefowl Guides
Browse through our curated Gamefowl Guides for additional categorizations, tips, details, variations, styles, and histories of Gamefowl. Guides provide additional insights into the unique properties and shared relationships between elements.
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14.2”-17.9” | 36-45.5 cm
31.5”-33.5” | 80-85 cm (Wingspan)
23.6”-29.5” | 60-75 cm
4-6.6 lb | 1.8-3 kg
10-13 years
Australian Brushturkey
45.500
85.000
75.000
3.000
13.00
120
GUIDE
3D
Australian Brushturkey
5.9”-6.7” | 15-17 cm
12.6”-16.1” | 32-41 cm (Wingspan)
9.4”-10.6” | 24-27 cm
.33-.42 lb | .15-.19 kg
4-10 years
California Quail
17.000
41.000
27.000
0.190
10.00
15100
GUIDE
3D
California Quail
Chukar
20400
9.1”-10.2” | 23-26 cm
20.1”-22” | 51-56 cm (Wingspan)
13.4”-15” | 34-38 cm
1-1.76 lb | .45-.8 kg
3-5 years
Chukar
26.000
56.000
38.000
0.800
5.00
20400
GUIDE
3D
Chukar
12.4”-16.1” | 31.5-41 cm
22”-35.4” | 56-90 cm (Wingspan)
27.6”-35.4” | 70-90 cm
1.7-3.75 lb | .75-1.7 kg
11-20 years
Common Pheasant
41.000
90.000
90.000
1.700
20.00
4200
GUIDE
3D
Common Pheasant
5.3”-6.1” | 13.5-15.5 cm
12.6”-13.8” | 32-35 cm (Wingspan)
6.3”-7.1” | 16-18 cm
.22-.37 lb | .1-.17 kg
2-6 years
Common Quail
15.500
35.000
18.000
0.170
6.00
13500
GUIDE
3D
Common Quail
9.8”-14.6” | 25-37 cm
23.6”-35.4” | 60-90 cm (Wingspan)
15.75”-23.6” | 40-60 cm
5.7-9.9 lb | 2.6-4.5 kg
2-20 months (Farm); 3-10 years (Captivity)
Domestic Chicken
37.000
90.000
60.000
4.500
10.00
8400
GUIDE
3D
Domestic Chicken
25.6”-31.5” | 65-80 cm
59.1”-70.9” | 150-180 cm (Wingspan)
39.4”-49.2” | 100-125 cm
29.8-86 lb | 13.5-39 kg
5-6 months (Farm); 3-5 years (Wild)
Domestic Turkey
80.000
180.000
125.000
39.000
5.00
5900
GUIDE
3D
Domestic Turkey
15.2”-19.5” | 38.5-49.5 cm
25.6”-29.5” | 65-75 cm (Wingspan)
35.4”-45.3” | 90-115 cm
1.2-1.5 lb | .55-.7 kg
5-15 years
Golden Pheasant
49.500
75.000
115.000
0.700
15.00
52500
GUIDE
3D
Golden Pheasant
24”-29.1” | 61-74 cm
29.5”-35.4” | 75-90 cm (Wingspan)
30.7”-36.2” | 78-92 cm
6.8-10.6 lb | 3.1-4.8 kg
22-24 years
Great Curassow
74.000
90.000
92.000
4.800
24.00
1300
GUIDE
3D
Great Curassow
12.2”-13.2” | 31-33.5 cm
27.2”-28.7” | 69-73 cm (Wingspan)
16.9”-18.1” | 43-46 cm
1.5-2.6 lb | .7-1.2 kg
2-5 years
Greater Prairie Chicken
33.500
73.000
46.000
1.200
5.00
3700
GUIDE
3D
Greater Prairie Chicken
28.3”-38.6” | 72-98 cm
47.2”-63” | 120-160 cm (Wingspan)
35.4”-50” | 90-127 cm (Body); 70.9”-96.5” | 180-245 cm (Overall)
8.5-11 lb | 3.85-5 kg
15-23 years
Green Peafowl
98.000
160.000
245.000
5.000
23.00
9700
GUIDE
3D
Green Peafowl
12.6”-19.7” | 32-50 cm
22”-33.9” | 56-86 cm (Wingspan)
22”-35.4” | 56-90 cm
1.5-3.1 lb | .7-1.4 kg
2-3 years
Green Pheasant
50.000
86.000
90.000
1.400
3.00
4650
GUIDE
3D
Green Pheasant
9.1”-9.8” | 23-25 cm
20.9”-22” | 53-56 cm (Wingspan)
11.8”-13” | 30-33 cm
.75-1.1 lb | .34-.48 kg
2-5 years
Grey Partridge
25.000
56.000
33.000
0.480
5.00
8200
GUIDE
3D
Grey Partridge
16.5”-19.7” | 42-50 cm
37.4”-39.4” | 95-100 cm (Wingspan)
20.9”-24.8” | 53-63 cm
2.2-4 lb | 1-1.8 kg
10-15 years
Helmeted Guineafowl
50.000
100.000
63.000
1.800
15.00
9650
GUIDE
3D
Helmeted Guineafowl
17.3”-23.6” | 44-60 cm
35.4”-51.2” | 90-130 cm (Wingspan)
33.5”-46” | 85-117 cm
4.4-5.5 lb | 2-2.5 kg
10-20 years
Horned Guan
60.000
130.000
117.000
2.500
20.00
700
GUIDE
3D
Horned Guan
26.4”-30.7” | 67-78 cm
55.1”-63” | 140-160 cm (Wingspan)
39.4”-45.3” | 100-115 cm (Body); 76.8”-88.6” | 195-225 cm (Overall)
6.1-13.2 lb | 2.75-6 kg
10-25 years
Indian Peafowl
78.000
160.000
225.000
6.000
25.00
29500
GUIDE
3D
Indian Peafowl
5.5”-6.3” | 14-16 cm
11”-13” | 28-33 cm (Wingspan)
6.3”-7.1” | 16-18 cm
.22-.35 lb | .1-.16 kg
2-6 years
Japanese Quail
16.000
33.000
18.000
0.160
6.00
10400
GUIDE
3D
Japanese Quail
Maleo
14040
16.1”-18.5” | 41-47 cm
11.8”-13.4” | 30-34 cm (Wingspan)
21.7”-23.6” | 55-60 cm
2.9-4 lb | 1.3-1.8 kg
16-23 years
Maleo
47.000
34.000
60.000
1.800
23.00
14040
GUIDE
3D
Maleo
7.9”-8.9” | 20-22.5 cm
13.8”-15.75” | 35-40 cm (Wingspan)
10.2”-11” | 26-28 cm
.42-.64 lb | .19-.29 kg
2-4 years
Mountain Quail
22.500
40.000
28.000
0.290
4.00
5400
GUIDE
3D
Mountain Quail
6.3”-7.5” | 16-19 cm
13”-15” | 33-38 cm (Wingspan)
9.4”-11” | 24-28 cm
.35-.4 lb | .16-.18 kg
3-7 years
Northern Bobwhite
19.000
38.000
28.000
0.180
7.00
5500
GUIDE
3D
Northern Bobwhite
22.4”-29.9” | 57-76 cm
63”-66.9” | 160-170 cm (Wingspan)
35.4”-48” | 90-122 cm
6-11 lb | 2.7-5 kg
3-5 years
Ocellated Turkey
76.000
170.000
122.000
5.000
5.00
12700
GUIDE
3D
Ocellated Turkey
10”-12.4” | 25.5-31.5 cm
24”-27.2” | 61-69 cm (Wingspan)
18.9”-22.8” | 48-58 cm
.66-1.5 lb | .3-.7 kg
5-9 years
Plain Chachalaca
31.500
69.000
58.000
0.700
9.00
1600
GUIDE
3D
Plain Chachalaca
12.2”-15.75” | 31-40 cm
31.5”-39.4” | 80-100 cm (Wingspan)
23.6”-29.5” | 60-75 cm
2.2-5.5 lb | 1-2.5 kg
3-11 years
Red Junglefowl
40.000
100.000
75.000
2.500
11.00
20000
GUIDE
3D
Red Junglefowl
10.4”-11.2” | 26.5-28.5 cm
22”-25.2” | 56-64 cm (Wingspan)
16.9”-18.1” | 43-46 cm
1-1.65 lb | .45-.75 kg
1-3 years
Ruffed Grouse
28.500
64.000
46.000
0.750
3.00
24300
GUIDE
3D
Ruffed Grouse
7.9”-9.1” | 20-23 cm
14.2”-16.1” | 36-41 cm (Wingspan)
9.8”-11.4” | 25-29 cm
.33-.44 lb | .15-.2 kg
2-4 years
Scaled Quail
23.000
41.000
29.000
0.200
4.00
2350
GUIDE
3D
Scaled Quail
13.4”-18.9” | 34-48 cm
20.5”-35.4” | 52-90 cm (Wingspan)
27.6”-49.2” | 70-125 cm
2.5-4.4 lb | 1.15-2 kg
6-12 years
Silver Pheasant
48.000
90.000
125.000
2.000
12.00
6250
GUIDE
3D
Silver Pheasant
10”-11.6” | 25.5-29.5 cm
21.25”-22.8” | 54-58 cm (Wingspan)
15”-16.9” | 38-43 cm
1-1.72 lb | .45-.78 kg
5-6 years
Spruce Grouse
29.500
58.000
43.000
0.780
6.00
7805
GUIDE
3D
Spruce Grouse
23.6”-31.1” | 60-79 cm
49.2”-61” | 125-155 cm (Wingspan)
35.8”-46.1” | 91-117 cm
5.5-24.3 lb | 2.5-11 kg
3-5 years
Wild Turkey
79.000
155.000
117.000
11.000
5.00
3300
GUIDE
3D
Wild Turkey
10.2”-13.2” | 26-33.5 cm
23.6”-24.4” | 60-62 cm (Wingspan)
13.8”-17.3” | 35-44 cm
.95-1.8 lb | .43-.81 kg
5-9 years
Willow Ptarmigan
33.500
62.000
44.000
0.810
9.00
5300
GUIDE
3D
Willow Ptarmigan
Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus)
Scale illustration of an average Ruffed Grouse compared to other gamefowl species

The Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) is a non-migratory medium sized gamefowl. It has 2 distinct plumage colors – gray and brown with white on its underside. Due to its neutral colored plumage it is able to easily blend into its surroundings. It is easily recognized by its drumming sound it creates by beating the air with its wings. The Ruffed Grouse is native to the Appalachian Mountains from across Canada to Alaska. It is an omnivore and eats buds, leaves, berries, seeds, and insects. The Ruffed Grouse can digest toxic plants that other birds are not able to digest.

The Ruffed Grouse has a wingspan in the range of 22”-25.2” (56-64 cm) and total weight of 1-1.65 lb (.45-.75 kg). The body of the Ruffed Grouse has an overall length between 16.9”-18.1” (43-46 cm), body width of 4.3”-4.7” (11-12 cm), and standing height of roughly 10.4”-11.2” (26.5-28.5 cm). The typical lifespan of the Ruffed Grouse is between 1-3 years.

Series of measured illustrations of the Ruffed Grouse
The Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) is a non-migratory medium sized gamefowl. It has 2 distinct plumage colors – gray and brown with white on its underside. Due to its neutral colored plumage it is able to easily blend into its surroundings. It is easily recognized by its drumming sound.

The Ruffed Grouse has a wingspan in the range of 22”-25.2” (56-64 cm) and total weight of 1-1.65 lb (.45-.75 kg). The body of the Ruffed Grouse has an overall length between 16.9”-18.1” (43-46 cm), body width of 4.3”-4.7” (11-12 cm), and standing height of roughly 10.4”-11.2” (26.5-28.5 cm). The typical lifespan of the Ruffed Grouse is between 1-3 years.

Series of measured illustrations of the Ruffed Grouse
Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus)
Height:
10.4”-11.2” | 26.5-28.5 cm
Width:
22”-25.2” | 56-64 cm (Wingspan)
Length:
16.9”-18.1” | 43-46 cm
Depth:
Weight:
1-1.65 lb | .45-.75 kg
Area:

Body Width: 4.3”-4.7” | 11-12 cm

Scientific Name
Bonasa umbellus
Lifespan
1-3 years

Drawings include:

Ruffed Grouse side view, front, flying (assorted)

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Domestic Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Scale illustration of an average Domestic Chicken compared to other gamefowl species

The Domestic Chicken (Galls gallus domesticus) is the domesticated Red Junglefowl. It is the most common and widespread of domesticated animals as there are more Domestic Chickens in the world than any other species of gamefowl. Its origins can be traced as it was first domesticated for cockfighting in Asia, Africa, and Europe. The Domestic Chicken is typically kept as a source of food for its eggs and meat. It has a social and intelligent personality. The Domestic Chicken is generally fed a pellet diet that meets its nutritional needs. A Domestic Chicken can carry and transmit salmonella through its feces and dander.

The Domestic Chicken has a wingspan in the range of 23.6”-35.4” (60-90 cm) and total weight of 5.7-9.9 lb (2.6-4.5 kg). The body of the Domestic Chicken has an overall length between 15.75”-23.6” (40-60 cm), body width of 4.5”-7.1” (11.5-18 cm), and standing height of roughly 9.8”-14.6” (25-37 cm). The typical lifespan of the Domestic Chicken is between 2-20 months in farming or 3-10 years in captivity.

Series of measured illustrations of the Domestic Chicken (Rooster)
The Domestic Chicken (Galls gallus domesticus) is the domesticated Red Junglefowl. It is the most common and widespread of domesticated animals as there are more Domestic Chickens in the world than any other species of gamefowl. Its origins can be traced as it was first domesticated for fighting.

The Domestic Chicken has a wingspan in the range of 23.6”-35.4” (60-90 cm) and total weight of 5.7-9.9 lb (2.6-4.5 kg). The body of the Domestic Chicken has an overall length between 15.75”-23.6” (40-60 cm), body width of 4.5”-7.1” (11.5-18 cm), and standing height of roughly 9.8”-14.6” (25-37 cm). The typical lifespan of the Domestic Chicken is between 2-20 months in farming or 3-10 years in captivity.

Series of measured illustrations of the Domestic Chicken (Rooster)
Domestic Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Height:
9.8”-14.6” | 25-37 cm
Width:
23.6”-35.4” | 60-90 cm (Wingspan)
Length:
15.75”-23.6” | 40-60 cm
Depth:
Weight:
5.7-9.9 lb | 2.6-4.5 kg
Area:

Body Width: 4.5”-7.1” | 11.5-18 cm

Scientific Name
Gallus gallus domesticus
Lifespan
2-20 months (Farm); 3-10 years (Captivity)

Drawings include:

Domestic Chicken side view, front, flying (assorted)

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Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata)
Comparison illustration of the size of a Scaled Quail to other species of gamefowl

The Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata) also referred to the Blue Quail or Cottontop is a gamebird with a scaled feather appearance on its breast and back. It is identifiable by its white crest. The Scaled Quail is native to the Southwestern United States through central Mexico. It is affected by bleak environments of heavy snow or drought in summers that can cause it to starve. The Scaled Quailed eats seeds all year round like mesquite and snakeweed seeds. Other than seeds it also eats leaves, fruits, and insects. The Scaled Quail runs rather than flies to escape threats or predators.

The Scaled Quail has a wingspan in the range of 14.2”-16.1” (36-41 cm) and total weight of .33-.44 lb (.15-.2 kg). The body of the Scaled Quail has an overall length between 9.8”-11.4” (25-29 cm), body width of 3.15”-3.5” (8-9 cm), and standing height of roughly 7.9”-9.1” (20-23 cm). The typical lifespan of the Scaled Quail is between 2-4 years.

Scaled collection of drawings of Scaled Quail in various poses with dimensions
The Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata) also referred to the Blue Quail or Cottontop is a gamebird with a scaled feather appearance on its breast and back. It is identifiable by its white crest. The Scaled Quail is native to the Southwestern United States through central Mexico.

The Scaled Quail has a wingspan in the range of 14.2”-16.1” (36-41 cm) and total weight of .33-.44 lb (.15-.2 kg). The body of the Scaled Quail has an overall length between 9.8”-11.4” (25-29 cm), body width of 3.15”-3.5” (8-9 cm), and standing height of roughly 7.9”-9.1” (20-23 cm). The typical lifespan of the Scaled Quail is between 2-4 years.

Scaled collection of drawings of Scaled Quail in various poses with dimensions
Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata)
Height:
7.9”-9.1” | 20-23 cm
Width:
14.2”-16.1” | 36-41 cm (Wingspan)
Length:
9.8”-11.4” | 25-29 cm
Depth:
Weight:
.33-.44 lb | .15-.2 kg
Area:

Body Width: 3.15”-3.5” | 8-9 cm

Scientific Name
Callipepla squamata
Lifespan
2-4 years

Drawings include:

Scaled Quail side view, front, flying (assorted)

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Ocellated Turkey (Meleagris ocellata)
Comparison drawing of the Ocellated Turkey compared to other gamefowl

The Ocellated Turkey (Meleagris ocellate) is a turkey species with a plumage color mixture of bronze and green iridescent color. The female is generally duller, but the plumage alone cannot determine if it’s a female or male. Its tail is blue-gray with an eye-shaped spot that is blue-bronze near the end of with a bright gold tip. The Ocellated Turkey is native to the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico and parts of Belize and Guatemala. The Ocellated Turkey spends most of its time on the ground and feeds off beetles, nuts, and leaves. It is considered to be near threatened to extinction.

The Ocellated Turkey has a wingspan in the range of 63”-66.9” (160-170 cm) and total weight of 6-11 lb (2.7-5 kg). The body of the Ocellated Turkey has an overall length between 35.4”-48” (90-122 cm), body width of 7.9”-10.6” (20-27 cm), and standing height of roughly 22.4”-29.9” (57-76 cm). The typical lifespan of the Ocellated Turkey is between 3-5 years.

Set of scaled side and front drawings of the Ocellated Turkey
The Ocellated Turkey (Meleagris ocellate) is a turkey species with a plumage color mixture of bronze and green iridescent color. The female is generally duller, but the plumage alone cannot determine if it’s a female or male. Its tail is blue-gray with an eye-shaped spot that is blue-bronze.

The Ocellated Turkey has a wingspan in the range of 63”-66.9” (160-170 cm) and total weight of 6-11 lb (2.7-5 kg). The body of the Ocellated Turkey has an overall length between 35.4”-48” (90-122 cm), body width of 7.9”-10.6” (20-27 cm), and standing height of roughly 22.4”-29.9” (57-76 cm). The typical lifespan of the Ocellated Turkey is between 3-5 years.

Set of scaled side and front drawings of the Ocellated Turkey
Ocellated Turkey (Meleagris ocellata)
Height:
22.4”-29.9” | 57-76 cm
Width:
63”-66.9” | 160-170 cm (Wingspan)
Length:
35.4”-48” | 90-122 cm
Depth:
Weight:
6-11 lb | 2.7-5 kg
Area:

Body Width: 7.9”-10.6” | 20-27 cm

Scientific Name
Meleagris ocellata
Lifespan
3-5 years

Drawings include:

Ocellated Turkey side view, front, flying (assorted)

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California Quail (Callipepla californica)
Scale illustration of an average California Quail compared to other gamefowl species

The California Quail (Callipepla californica) also referred to as the California Valley Quail, is a small bird with broad wings. It has a curving crest made up of 6 feathers that droop forward. A male has black plumage while a female has brown feathers. The California Quail lives in sagebrush, oak woodlands, and the foothill forests of California. It is sometimes seen in city or suburban parks as well as agricultural areas. The California Quail spends most of its time on the ground searching for food. It feeds off insects and plants since it requires a high protein diet.

The California Quail has a wingspan in the range of 12.6”-16.1” (32-41 cm) and total weight of .33-.42 lb (.15-.19 kg). The body of the California Quail has an overall length between 9.4”-10.6” (24-27 cm), body width of 3.15”-3.5” (8-9 cm), and standing height of roughly 5.9”-6.7” (15-17 cm). The typical lifespan of the California Quail is between 4-10 years.

Series of measured illustrations of the California Quail
The California Quail (Callipepla californica) also referred to as the California Valley Quail, is a small bird with broad wings. It has a curving crest made up of 6 feathers that droop forward. A male has black plumage while a female has brown feathers. The California Quail lives in woodlands.

The California Quail has a wingspan in the range of 12.6”-16.1” (32-41 cm) and total weight of .33-.42 lb (.15-.19 kg). The body of the California Quail has an overall length between 9.4”-10.6” (24-27 cm), body width of 3.15”-3.5” (8-9 cm), and standing height of roughly 5.9”-6.7” (15-17 cm). The typical lifespan of the California Quail is between 4-10 years.

Series of measured illustrations of the California Quail
California Quail (Callipepla californica)
Height:
5.9”-6.7” | 15-17 cm
Width:
12.6”-16.1” | 32-41 cm (Wingspan)
Length:
9.4”-10.6” | 24-27 cm
Depth:
Weight:
.33-.42 lb | .15-.19 kg
Area:

Body Width: 3.15”-3.5” | 8-9 cm

Scientific Name
Callipepla californica
Lifespan
4-10 years

Drawings include:

California Quail side view, front, flying (assorted)

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