Many different species of animals live in the forest including larger animals like big cats, deer, and bears, and smaller animals, such as chipmunks, skunks, and foxes. There are three different types of forests: coniferous forests, characterized by cone-bearing trees like pine and fir, temperate forests, characterized by both cone-bearing trees and deciduous (broad leafed) trees that change color with the seasons, and tropical forests, with abundant rainfall and constantly warm temperatures.

Forests are home to 80% of the earth’s biodiversity and are an important source of oxygen and carbon sequestration. Due to their large amounts of biodiversity and carbon sink abilities, the forests need to be protected. However, due to deforestation for agriculture, logging, and fires, the forests are being destroyed quickly causing many species to lose their home and the loss of essential carbon sinks.

How do forest animals adapt to the changing seasons?

Forest animals adapt to the changing seasons to be able to withstand the cold winters and hot summer temperatures. Forest animals adapt by either hibernating or migrating to warmer weather during the cold. During the warm summer seasons, forest animals typically find an abundance of food and find ways to stay cool.

How do animals help trees?

Animals help trees because they breathe oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide while plants take in carbon dioxide and emit oxygen back into their surrounding air. Plants also serve as food and shelter for animals. Plants rely on animals for seed dispersal and pollination. Plants also help with filtering water that animals drink.

How do forest fires affect animals?

Forest fires affect animals as they alter the 3 sources that animals rely on the most – food, water, and shelter. Forest fires often cause animals to move away from the areas they are used to in search of a new shelter. Forest fires also cause deaths among animals through smoke inhalation or fire-caused injuries.

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8.5’-13’ | 2.6-4 m
4.27’-6.89’ | 1.3-2.1 m
10’-16.5’ | 3-5 m
5,500-15,400 lb | 2,500-7,000 kg
60-75 years
African Bush Elephant
400.000
210.000
500.000
7000.000
75.00
42900
GUIDE
3D
African Bush Elephant
1.4”-2” | 3.5-5 cm
2.75”-3.9” | 7-10 cm
.6-1.2 oz | 18-34 g
4 years (wild); 5-6 years (captivity)
African Dormouse
5.000
10.000
0.034
6.00
70
GUIDE
3D
African Dormouse
34”-40” | 86-102 cm
28”-33” | 71-84 cm
20-60 lb | 9-27 kg
10-14 years (wild); up to 15-17 years (captivity)
Agile Wallaby
102.000
84.000
27.000
17.00
67000
GUIDE
3D
Agile Wallaby
.31”-.55” | .8-1.4 cm
.28”-.47” | .7-1.2 cm
2.75”-4.72” | 7-12 cm
.05-.23 oz | 1.4-6.4 g
15-30 years
Alpine Newt
1.400
1.200
12.000
0.006
30.00
3200
GUIDE
3D
Alpine Newt
7’-8.2’ | 2.15-2.5 m
3.4’-4.4’ | 1.05-1.35 m
30’-33' | 9.14-10 m
5,700-6,600 lb | 2,585-2,994 kg
25-35 years
Amargasaurus
250.000
135.000
1000.000
2994.000
35.00
32000
GUIDE
3D
Amargasaurus
2’6”-3’5” | .75-1.05 m
4’-6’8” | 1.25-2.1 m
200-600 lb | 90-272 kg
20-25 years (wild); up to 45 years (captivity)
American Black Bear
105.000
210.000
272.000
45.00
10000
GUIDE
3D
American Black Bear
.2”-.39” | 5-10 mm
.43”-.79” | 11-20 mm
1.18”-2.09” | 30-53 mm
1-2 years
American Cockroach
1.000
2.000
5.300
2.00
68000
GUIDE
3D
American Cockroach
.35”-.51” | 9-13 mm
3.9”-5.1” | 10-13 cm
.07-.09 oz | 2-2.5 g
5-11 years
American Giant Millipede
1.300
13.000
0.003
11.00
2500
GUIDE
3D
American Giant Millipede
6.7”-9.1” | 17-23 cm
3.5”-4.7” | 9-12 cm
12.6”-17.7” | 32-45 cm
.6-2.9 lb | .28-1.3 kg
11-18 years
American Marten
23.000
12.000
45.000
1.300
18.00
8600
GUIDE
3D
American Marten
5.3”-7.9” | 13.5-20 cm
3.9”-5.9” | 10-15 cm
12.2”-18.1” | 31-46 cm
3.1-5.1 lb | 1.4-2.3 kg
3-11 years
American Mink
20.000
15.000
46.000
2.300
11.00
14000
GUIDE
3D
American Mink
5.5”-6.9” | 14-17.5 cm
12.2”-15.75” | 31-40 cm (Wingspan)
9.1”-11” | 23-28 cm
2.3-3 oz | 65-84 g
2-14 years
American Robin
17.500
40.000
28.000
0.084
14.00
49100
GUIDE
3D
American Robin
1.4”-1.75” | 3.6-4.4 cm
3”-3.9” | 7.5-10 cm
.42-.63 oz | 12-18 g
1-3 years
American Water Shrew
4.400
10.000
0.018
3.00
100
GUIDE
3D
American Water Shrew
5.5”-7.1” | 14-18 cm
1.4”-2” | 3.5-5 cm
1.3’-1.6’ | .4-.5 m
1.8-2.2 lb | .82-1 kg
Archaeopteryx
18.000
5.000
50.000
1.000
175000
GUIDE
3D
Archaeopteryx
5.1”-6.3” | 13-16 cm
25.6”-30.3” | 65-77 cm (Wingspan)
14.2”-16.9” | 36-43 cm
.2-.3 lb | .08-.13 kg
15-34 years
Arctic Tern
16.000
77.000
43.000
0.130
34.00
35400
GUIDE
3D
Arctic Tern
.24”-.47” | 6-12 mm
.28”-.51” | 7-13 mm
.98”-1.77” | 25-45 mm (Worker); 1.57”-1.97” | 40-50 mm (Queen)
3-5 months (Worker); 1 year (Queen)
Asian Giant Hornet
1.200
1.300
4.500
0.42
75000
GUIDE
3D
Asian Giant Hornet
.22”-.26” | 5.5-6.5 mm
.2”-.24” | 5-6 mm
.79”-.94” | 20-24 mm (Worker); 1.18” | 30 mm (Queen)
2-3 weeks (Worker); 1 year (Queen)
Asian Hornet
0.650
0.600
2.400
0.06
52000
GUIDE
3D
Asian Hornet
.1”-.16” | 2.5-4 mm
.16”-.26” | 4-6.5 mm
.22”-.33” | 5.5-8.5 mm
2-3 years
Asian Lady Beetle
0.400
0.650
0.850
3.00
64000
GUIDE
3D
Asian Lady Beetle
11.4”-13.8” | 29-35 cm
5.5”-6.9” | 14-17.5 cm
18.9”-23.2” | 48-59 cm (Body)
2.9-6.8 lb | 1.3-3.1 kg
15-25 years
Asian Palm Civet
35.000
17.500
59.000
3.100
25.00
13900
GUIDE
3D
Asian Palm Civet
.03”-.09” | .7-2.3 mm
.02”-.06” | .5-1.5 mm
.12”-.39” | 3-10 mm
30-40 days
Asian Tiger Mosquito
0.230
0.150
1.000
0.11
47000
GUIDE
3D
Asian Tiger Mosquito
2’5”-3’4” | .71-1.02 m
3’10”-6’6” | 1.2-2 m
90-440 lb | 41-200 kg
25-30 years (wild); up to 35 years (captivity)
Asiatic Black Bear
102.000
200.000
200.000
35.00
14000
GUIDE
3D
Asiatic Black Bear
30”-46” | 76-117 cm
4’7”-6’5” | 1.4-2 m
265-500 lb | 120-250 kg
12-18 years (wild); 18-20 years (captivity)
Asiatic Lion
117.000
200.000
250.000
20.00
7400
GUIDE
3D
Asiatic Lion
3.15”-5.9” | 8-15 cm
6.5’-12’ | 1.98-3.66 m
6.6-11 lb | 3-5 kg
12-18 years
Atlantic Bushmaster
15.000
366.000
5.000
18.00
3205
GUIDE
3D
Atlantic Bushmaster
Auroch
32800
61.4”-74” | 156-188 cm
24.8”-28.7” | 63-73 cm
105”-128” | 267-325 cm
1550-3300 lb | 700-1500 kg
25-30 years
Auroch
188.000
73.000
325.000
1500.000
30.00
32800
GUIDE
3D
Auroch
16.9”-24.2” | 43-61.5 cm
70”-90” | 178-229 cm (Wingspan)
27.6”-39.4” | 70-100 cm
6.5-14 lb | 2.95-6.35 kg
20-30 years
Bald Eagle
61.500
229.000
100.000
6.350
30.00
272400
GUIDE
3D
Bald Eagle
1.2”-2.75” | 3-7 cm
2’-5’ | .61-1.52 m
2.6-6.6 lb | 1.2-3 kg
30-50 years
Ball Python
7.000
152.000
3.000
50.00
227400
GUIDE
3D
Ball Python
5.9”-9.1” | 15-23 cm (Shoulder)
2.75”-4.3” | 7-11 cm
12”-18” | 30.5-46 cm
3.3-5.5 lb | 1.5-2.5 kg
10-17 years
Banded Mongoose
23.000
11.000
46.000
2.500
17.00
2300
GUIDE
3D
Banded Mongoose
Banteng
44700
55.5”-74” | 141-188 cm
22.8”-30.7” | 58-78 cm
89”-118” | 226-299 cm
1300-1764 lb | 590-800 kg
16-20 years (wild); 20-27 years (captivity)
Banteng
188.000
78.000
299.000
800.000
27.00
44700
GUIDE
3D
Banteng
3’11”-4’1” | 120-125 cm
4’-5’10” | 122-180 cm
375-617 lb | 170-280 kg
10-20 years
Barasingha
125.000
180.000
280.000
20.00
1400
GUIDE
3D
Barasingha
14.2”-22” | 36-56 cm
6.7”-10.6” | 17-27 cm
17.7”-27.6” | 45-70 cm
22-35 lb | 10-16 kg
20-25 years (wild); 25-30 years (captivity)
Barbary Macaque
56.000
27.000
70.000
16.000
30.00
GUIDE
3D
Barbary Macaque
Barn Owl
201000
12.2”-15.2” | 31-38.5 cm
31.5”-43.3” | 80-110 cm (Wingspan)
12.6”-15.75” | 32-40 cm
.55-1.26 lb | .25-.57 kg
4-15 years
Barn Owl
38.500
110.000
40.000
0.570
15.00
201000
GUIDE
3D
Barn Owl
2’2”-2’4” | 65-70 cm
4’-4’7” | 122-140 cm
110-132 lb | 50-60 kg
15-20 years
Bawean Deer
70.000
140.000
60.000
20.00
400
GUIDE
3D
Bawean Deer
5.7”-7.5” | 14.5-19 cm
3.3”-4.5” | 8.5-11.5 cm
9.1”-11.8” | 23-30 cm (Body)
1-1.54 lb | 450-700 g
4-5 years
Black & Rufous Elephant Shrew
19.000
11.500
30.000
0.700
5.00
320
GUIDE
3D
Black & Rufous Elephant Shrew
.035”-.05” | .9-1.3 mm
.04”-.06” | 1-1.5 mm
.14”-.2” | 3.5-5 mm (Worker); .31”-.35” | 8-9 mm (Queen)
1-2 years (Worker); 10-15 years (Queen)
Black Garden Ant
0.130
0.150
0.500
2.00
29000
GUIDE
3D
Black Garden Ant
12.2”-16.1” | 31-41 cm
9”-11.4” | 23-29 cm
20”-26” | 51-66 cm
8.8-17.6 lb | 4-8 kg
15-20 years (wild); 25-33 years (captivity)
Black Howler
41.000
29.000
66.000
8.000
33.00
6100
GUIDE
3D
Black Howler
.55”-.98” | 1.4-2.5 cm
.59”-1.18” | 1.5-3 cm
3.15”-5.91” | 8-15 cm
1-2 years
Black Slug
2.500
3.000
15.000
2.00
2900
GUIDE
3D
Black Slug
3.1”-3.9” | 8-10 cm
10.2”-11.4” | 26-29 cm (Wingspan)
5.5”-6.7” | 14-17 cm
.9-1.1 oz | 26-32 g
5-10 years
Blue Grosbeak
10.000
29.000
17.000
0.032
10.00
7700
GUIDE
3D
Blue Grosbeak
Blue Jay
304100
5.7”-7.7” | 14.5-19.5 cm
13.4”-16.9” | 34-43 cm (Wingspan)
8.7”-11.8” | 22-30 cm
2.3-3.5 oz | 65-100 g
7-26 years
Blue Jay
19.500
43.000
30.000
0.100
26.00
304100
GUIDE
3D
Blue Jay
.05”-.09” | 1.2-2.4 mm
.06”-.12” | 1.5-3 mm
.16”-.31” | 4-8 mm
17-21 days
Boll Weevil
0.240
0.300
0.800
0.06
27800
GUIDE
3D
Boll Weevil
Bongo
11250
53.9”-63.4” | 137-161 cm
18.1”-22” | 46-56 cm
66”-77” | 167-196 cm
330-904 lb | 150-410 kg
8-12 years (wild); 18-21 years (captivity)
Bongo
161.000
56.000
196.000
410.000
21.00
11250
GUIDE
3D
Bongo
11”-17.7” | 28-45 cm
5.1”-8.7” | 13-22 cm
13.8”-23.6” | 35-60 cm
7.7-20 lb | 3.5-9 kg
20-30 years (wild); 30-35 years (captivity)
Bonnet Macaque
45.000
22.000
60.000
9.000
35.00
GUIDE
3D
Bonnet Macaque
.12”-.18” | 3-4.5 mm
.15”-.21” | 3.7-5.3 mm
.43”-63” | 11-16 mm
1 year
Boxelder Bug
0.450
0.530
1.600
1.00
39400
GUIDE
3D
Boxelder Bug
41’-49.2’ | 12.5-15 m (Overall)
10.2’-12.5’ | 3.1-3.8 m
59’-72.2’ | 18-22 m
62,400-103,400 lb | 28,300-46,900 kg
80-100 years
Brachiosaurus
1500.000
380.000
2200.000
46900.000
100.00
291000
GUIDE
3D
Brachiosaurus
1.6”-2” | 4-5 cm
6.7”-7.9” | 17-20 cm (Wingspan)
4.7”-5.5” | 12-14 cm
.2-.35 oz | 5.7-9.9 g
2-5 years
Brown Creeper
5.000
20.000
14.000
0.010
5.00
7250
GUIDE
3D
Brown Creeper
.14”-.22” | 3.5-5.5 mm
.26”-.42” | 6.7-10.7 mm
.47”-.75” | 12-19 mm
6-8 months
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug
0.550
1.070
1.900
0.66
80000
GUIDE
3D
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug
5.5”-7.3” | 14-18.5 cm
11.4”-13” | 29-33 cm (Wingspan)
9.1”-11.8” | 23-30 cm
2.2-3.1 oz | 61-88 g
2-13 years
Brown Thrasher
18.500
33.000
30.000
0.088
13.00
25080
GUIDE
3D
Brown Thrasher
7.5”-9.4” | 19-24 cm
20”-24” | 51-61 cm (Wingspan)
13”-16” | 33-41 cm
.6-1.2 lb | .27-.55 kg
3-18 years
Bufflehead
24.000
61.000
41.000
0.550
18.00
21060
GUIDE
3D
Bufflehead
2.4”-2.75” | 6-7 cm (Hanging)
5.9”-6.7” | 15-17 cm (Wingspan)
1.1”-1.6” | 2.9-4.2 cm (Body)
.05-.07 oz | 1.5-2 g
5-10 years
Bumblebee Bat
7.000
17.000
4.200
0.002
10.00
24600
GUIDE
3D
Bumblebee Bat
1.2”-2” | 3-5 cm
3’-6.5’ | .91-1.98 m
1-3.3 lb | .45-1.5 kg
10-20 years
California Kingsnake
5.000
198.000
1.500
20.00
16400
GUIDE
3D
California Kingsnake
.51”-.83” | 1.3-2.1 cm
.47”-.79” | 1.2-2 cm
4.72”-7.87” | 12-20 cm
.21-.39 oz | 6-11 g
15-30 years
California Newt
2.100
2.000
20.000
0.011
30.00
2700
GUIDE
3D
California Newt
5.9”-6.7” | 15-17 cm
12.6”-16.1” | 32-41 cm (Wingspan)
9.4”-10.6” | 24-27 cm
.33-.42 lb | .15-.19 kg
4-10 years
California Quail
17.000
41.000
27.000
0.190
10.00
15100
GUIDE
3D
California Quail
Capybara
157000
20”-24” | 51-61 cm
42”-53” | 107-135 cm
77-146 lb | 35-66 kg
7-10 years (wild); 10-15 years (captivity)
Capybara
61.000
135.000
66.000
15.00
157000
GUIDE
3D
Capybara
3”-3.5” | 7.5-9 cm
9.4”-11.4” | 24-29 cm (Wingspan)
4.7”-5.5” | 12-14 cm
.6-.8 oz | 18-23 g
6-9 years
Carolina Wren
9.000
29.000
14.000
0.023
9.00
39050
GUIDE
3D
Carolina Wren
.05”-.12” | 1.3-3 mm
.06”-.14” | 1.5-3.5 mm
.24”-.55” | 6-14 mm (Worker); .63”-.71” | 16-18 mm (Queen)
4-7 years (Worker); 10-15 years (Queen)
Carpenter Ant
0.300
0.350
1.400
7.00
50300
GUIDE
3D
Carpenter Ant
1.6”-3.15” | 4-8 cm
6.5’-10’ | 1.98-3.05 m
26.4-33 lb | 12-15 kg
15-30 years
Carpet Python
8.000
305.000
15.000
30.00
27200
GUIDE
3D
Carpet Python
.02”-.04” | .6-1 mm
.02”-.04” | .6-1 mm
.08”-.12” | 2-3 mm
4-25 days
Cat Flea
0.100
0.100
0.300
0.07
25600
GUIDE
3D
Cat Flea
4’7”-5’7” | 1.4-1.7 m
8’8”-11’6” | 2.7-3.5 m
500-1300 lb | 227-590 kg
Cave Bear
170.000
350.000
590.000
13000
GUIDE
3D
Cave Bear
3.3”-4.7” | 8.5-12 cm
8.7”-11.8” | 22-30 cm (Wingspan)
5.5”-7.9” | 14-20 cm
1-1.1 oz | 28-32 g
3-8 years
Cedar Waxwing
12.000
30.000
20.000
0.032
8.00
39350
GUIDE
3D
Cedar Waxwing
Chital
2900
2’6”-3’3” | 75-100 cm
3’7”-4’7” | 110-140 cm
99-187 lb | 45-85 kg
10-15 years
Chital
100.000
140.000
85.000
15.00
2900
GUIDE
3D
Chital
18”-22” | 46-56 cm
27”-43” | 69-109 cm
25-50 lb | 11-23 kg
11-15 years (wild); 17-20 years (captivity)
Clouded Leopard
56.000
109.000
23.000
20.00
30000
GUIDE
3D
Clouded Leopard
.11”-.21” | 2.7-5.3 mm
.14”-.28” | 3.5-7 mm
.24”-.47” | 6-12 mm
2-12 months
Colorado Potato Beetle
0.530
0.700
1.200
1.00
7100
GUIDE
3D
Colorado Potato Beetle
11.6”-16.7” | 29.5-42.5 cm
43.3”-51.2” | 110-130 cm (Wingspan)
17.7”-25.6” | 45-65 cm
1.2-2.9 lb | .55-1.3 kg
20-29 years
Common Buzzard
42.500
130.000
65.000
1.300
29.00
21900
GUIDE
3D
Common Buzzard
.28”-.39” | 7-10 mm (Diameter)
7.87”-9.84” | 20-25 cm
.01-.09 lb | 5-40 g
4-8 years
Common Earthworm
1.000
25.000
0.040
8.00
6800
GUIDE
3D
Common Earthworm
.35”-.71” | .9-1.8 cm
.4”-.83” | 1-2.1 cm
3”-5.9” | 7.5-15 cm
1.6-2.5 oz | 45-70 g
3-8 years
Common House Gecko
1.800
2.100
15.000
0.070
8.00
136000
GUIDE
3D
Common House Gecko
11.4”-14.6” | 29-37 cm
34”-38” | 86-97 cm (Wingspan)
22”-28” | 56-71 cm
2-4.6 lb | .9-2.1 kg
11-15 years
Common Merganser
37.000
97.000
71.000
2.100
15.00
13350
GUIDE
3D
Common Merganser
.12”-.26” | 3-6.5 mm
.16”-.33” | 4-8.5 mm
.35”-.71” | 9-18 mm
2-4 years
Common Potato Bug
0.650
0.850
1.800
4.00
125000
GUIDE
3D
Common Potato Bug
10.4”-17.7” | 26.5-45 cm
6.7”-12.2” | 17-31 cm
15.75”-27.6” | 40-70 cm (Body)
7.7-23.1 lb | 3.5-10.5 kg
2-16 years
Common Raccoon
45.000
31.000
70.000
10.500
16.00
19390
GUIDE
3D
Common Raccoon
2.4”-3.5” | 6-9 cm
6”-10” | 15-25 cm
.6-1.5 lb | 250-700 g
1-2 years (wild); 2-3 years (captivity)
Common Rat
9.000
25.000
0.700
3.00
120000
GUIDE
3D
Common Rat
12.2”-15.75” | 31-40 cm
45.3”-59” | 115-150 cm (Wingspan)
20.9”-26.4” | 53-67 cm
24.7-70.5 oz | .7-2 kg
10-44 years
Common Raven
40.000
150.000
67.000
2.000
44.00
49000
GUIDE
3D
Common Raven
3.9”-4.5” | 10-11.5 cm (Hanging)
7.9”-9.1” | 20-23 cm (Wingspan)
2.4”-3.1” | 6-8 cm (Body)
.67-1.4 oz | 19-41 g
4-5 years
Common Sheath-Tailed Bat
11.500
23.000
8.000
0.041
5.00
35
GUIDE
3D
Common Sheath-Tailed Bat
1”-1.5” | 2.5-3.8 cm
2”-3.1” | 5-8 cm
.18-.5 oz | 5-14 g
1-2 years
Common Shrew
3.800
8.000
0.014
2.00
1300
GUIDE
3D
Common Shrew
1.97”-3.27” | 5-8.3 cm
1.73”-2.87” | 4.4-7.3 cm
3”-5” | 7.6-12.7 cm
.7-2.8 oz | 20-79 g
10-40 years
Common Toad
8.300
7.300
12.700
0.079
40.00
19400
GUIDE
3D
Common Toad
24”-28” | 61-71 cm
40”-45” | 102-114 cm
45-75 lb | 20-34 kg
5-12 years (wild); up to 20-30 years (captivity)
Common Wombat
71.000
114.000
34.000
30.00
149000
GUIDE
3D
Common Wombat
1.2”-2” | 3-5 cm
24”-40” | .61-1.02 m
.22-.77 lb | .1-.35 kg
10-30 years
Copperhead
5.000
102.000
0.350
30.00
227700
GUIDE
3D
Copperhead
.6”-1.4” | 1.5-3.5 cm
2’-6’ | .61-1.83 m
1-2 lb | .45-.9 kg
10-23 years
Corn Snake
3.500
183.000
0.900
23.00
255000
GUIDE
3D
Corn Snake
15.1’-17.4’ | 4.6-5.3 m
3.3’-3.9’ | 1-1.2 m
30’-33' | 9.14-10 m
6,000-11,000 lb | 2,722-4,990 kg
60-70 years
Corythosaurus
530.000
120.000
1000.000
4990.000
70.00
18000
GUIDE
3D
Corythosaurus
Cougar
150000
21”-28” | 53-71 cm
42”-54” | 107-137 cm
65-200 lb | 30-91 kg
10-13 years (wild); Up to 20 years (captivity)
Cougar
71.000
137.000
91.000
20.00
150000
GUIDE
3D
Cougar
21”-24” | 53-61 cm
32”-37” | 81-94 cm
20-45 lb | 9-20 kg
10-15 years (wild); up to 20 years (captivity)
Coyote
61.000
94.000
20.000
20.00
600
GUIDE
3D
Coyote
4.25’-4.58’ | 1.3-1.4 m
2.4’-2.5’ | .73-.76 m
5.58’-5.91’ | 1.7-1.8 m
440-550 lb | 200-250 kg
68 years (minimum)
Cyprus Dwarf Elephant
140.000
76.000
180.000
250.000
68.00
70
GUIDE
3D
Cyprus Dwarf Elephant
Deer Tick
129000
.01”-.024” | .2-.6 mm
.02”-.06” | .5-1.5 mm
.08”-.24” | 2-6 mm
2-3 years
Deer Tick
0.060
0.150
0.600
3.00
129000
GUIDE
3D
Deer Tick
Dingo
105000
20”-24” | 51-61 cm
28”-43” | 71-109 cm
30-45 lb | 14-20 kg
3-7 years (wild); up to 16 years (captivity)
Dingo
61.000
109.000
20.000
16.00
105000
GUIDE
3D
Dingo
.04”-.07” | 1-1.8 mm
.03”-.04” | .8-1 mm
.12”-.16” | 3-4 mm
2-3 weeks
Dog Flea
0.180
0.100
0.400
0.06
25500
GUIDE
3D
Dog Flea
9.8”-14.6” | 25-37 cm
23.6”-35.4” | 60-90 cm (Wingspan)
15.75”-23.6” | 40-60 cm
5.7-9.9 lb | 2.6-4.5 kg
2-20 months (Farm); 3-10 years (Captivity)
Domestic Chicken
37.000
90.000
60.000
4.500
10.00
8400
GUIDE
3D
Domestic Chicken
4.7”-5.9” | 12-15 cm
3.3”-4.3” | 8.5-11 cm
13”-16.1” | 33-41 cm
1.5-4.4 lb | .7-2 kg
5-10 years
Domestic Ferret
15.000
11.000
41.000
2.000
10.00
644000
GUIDE
3D
Domestic Ferret
.2”-.35” | 5-9 mm
1.18”-1.97” | 30-50 mm (Wingspan)
.67”-1.14” | 17-29 mm
6-8 weeks
Domestic Silk Moth
0.900
5.000
2.900
0.15
58300
GUIDE
3D
Domestic Silk Moth
25.6”-31.5” | 65-80 cm
59.1”-70.9” | 150-180 cm (Wingspan)
39.4”-49.2” | 100-125 cm
29.8-86 lb | 13.5-39 kg
5-6 months (Farm); 3-5 years (Wild)
Domestic Turkey
80.000
180.000
125.000
39.000
5.00
5900
GUIDE
3D
Domestic Turkey
.05”-.07” | 1.3-1.8 mm
.06”-.1” | 1.5-2.5 mm
.12”-.2” | 3-5 mm
21-27 days
Drain Fly
0.180
0.250
0.500
0.07
21500
GUIDE
3D
Drain Fly
3.5”-5.5” | 9-14 cm (Shoulder)
2.4”-3.9” | 6-10 cm
7”-11” | 18-28 cm
.44-.77 lb | .2-.35 kg
8-18 years
Dwarf Mongoose
14.000
10.000
28.000
0.350
18.00
250
GUIDE
3D
Dwarf Mongoose
1.97”-2.4” | 5-6.1 cm
3”-3.62” | 7.6-9.2 cm
20”-24” | 50.8-61 cm
.8-1.2 lb | .38-.55 kg
6-18 years
Eastern Bearded Dragon
6.100
9.200
61.000
0.550
18.00
5100
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Bearded Dragon
1”-1.4” | 2.5-3.5 cm
3.5’-6’ | 1.07-1.83 m
1.1-4.9 lb | .5-2.2 kg
10-34 years
Eastern Black Rat Snake
3.500
183.000
2.200
34.00
1200
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Black Rat Snake
1.6”-2.4” | 4-6 cm
3”-4.5” | 7.6-11.4 cm
.14-.33 lb | 65-150 g
2-4 years (wild); 6-8 years (captivity)
Eastern Chipmunk
6.000
11.400
0.150
8.00
4100
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Chipmunk
7”-9” | 17.8-22.9 cm
15”-18” | 38-45.7 cm
2-4.5 lb | .9-2 kg
2-3 years (wild); up to 7-9 years (captivity)
Eastern Cottontail
22.900
45.700
2.000
9.00
7600
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Cottontail
22”-25” | 56-64 cm
34”-39” | 86-99 cm
45-55 lb | 20-25 kg
10-15 years (wild); up to 20 years (captivity)
Eastern Coyote
64.000
99.000
25.000
20.00
3600
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Coyote
4.3”-5.5” | 11-14 cm
8”-11” | 20-28 cm
.9-1.3 lb | 400-600 g
6-12 years (wild); up to 20 years (captivity)
Eastern Gray Squirrel
14.000
28.000
0.600
20.00
1900
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Gray Squirrel
15”-24.4” | 38-62 cm
10.6”-17.3” | 27-44 cm
23.6”-39.4” | 60-100 cm (Body)
11-22 lb | 5-10 kg
10-30 years
Eastern Long-Beaked Echidna
62.000
44.000
100.000
10.000
30.00
70
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Long-Beaked Echidna
.28”-.47” | .7-1.2 cm
.24”-.39” | .6-1 cm
2.36”-3.94” | 6-10 cm
.18-.39 oz | 5-11 g
12-15 years
Eastern Newt
1.200
1.000
10.000
0.011
15.00
6000
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Newt
4.1”-6.7” | 10.5-17 cm
18.1”-24” | 46-61 cm (Wingspan)
6.3”-9.8” | 16-25 cm
.26-.55 lb | .12-.25 kg
14-21 years
Eastern Screech Owl
17.000
61.000
25.000
0.250
21.00
18100
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Screech Owl
3.9”-5.5” | 10-14 cm
4.3”-5.5” | 11-14 cm
9.4”-12.2” | 24-31 cm
1-4 lb | .4-1.8 kg
2-11 years
Eastern Spotted Skunk
14.000
14.000
31.000
1.800
11.00
3300
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Spotted Skunk
.2”-.39” | 5-10 mm
3.15”-5.51” | 80-140 mm (Wingspan)
.87”-1.54” | 22-39 mm
2-3 months
Eastern Tiger Swallowtail
1.000
14.000
3.900
0.25
11900
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Tiger Swallowtail
7.9”-9.4” | 20-24 cm
5.9”-7.1” | 15-18 cm
18.5”-22” | 47-56 cm
3.7-6.6 lb | 1.7-3 kg
10-14 years
Eastern Tree Hyrax
24.000
18.000
56.000
3.000
14.00
1820
GUIDE
3D
Eastern Tree Hyrax
4’-5’7” | 122-170 cm
6’10”-8” | 208-244 cm
325-1100 lb | 147-500 kg
10-15 years
Elk | Wapiti
170.000
244.000
500.000
15.00
143000
GUIDE
3D
Elk | Wapiti
Yellow-Spotted Millipede (Harpaphe haydeniana)
Scale illustration of an average Yellow-Spotted Millipede compared to other myriapod species

The Yellow-Spotted Millipede (Harpache haydeniana) is a flat-backed millipede species found in the moist forests along the Pacific coast of North America, from Southeast Alaska to California. The upper surface of the body is black or olive green, and it is marked along the sides with yellowish patches. The Yellow-Spotted Millipede has about 20 body segments with a total of 30 or 31 pairs of legs. The species plays an important role in the forest ecosystem by breaking down leaf litter to free the nutrients for other organisms. Due to its aposematic coloration and the ability to secrete hydrogen cyanide, the species has few predators.

The Yellow-Spotted Millipede has an overall length between 1.6”-2” (4-5 cm), width of .24”-.39” (6-10 mm), and weight of .03-.05 oz (.8-1.5 g). The typical lifespan of the Yellow-Spotted Millipede is between 2-3 years.

Series of top view illustrations of the Yellow-Spotted Millipede
The Yellow-Spotted Millipede (Harpache haydeniana) is a flat-backed millipede species found in the moist forests along the Pacific coast of North America, from Southeast Alaska to California. The upper surface of the body is black or olive green, and it is marked along the sides with yellow patches.

The Yellow-Spotted Millipede has an overall length between 1.6”-2” (4-5 cm), width of .24”-.39” (6-10 mm), and weight of .03-.05 oz (.8-1.5 g). The typical lifespan of the Yellow-Spotted Millipede is between 2-3 years.

Series of top view illustrations of the Yellow-Spotted Millipede
Yellow-Spotted Millipede (Harpaphe haydeniana)
Height:
Width:
.24”-.39” | 6-10 mm
Length:
1.6”-2” | 4-5 cm
Depth:
Weight:
.03-.05 oz | .8-1.5 g
Area:
Scientific Name
Harpaphe haydeniana
Lifespan
2-3 years

Drawings include:

Yellow-Spotted Millipede top view, side

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Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta)
Scale illustration of an average Rhesus Macaque compared to other species of Old World Monkeys

The Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) is a primate native to Asia. They are small monkeys with brown hair and red faces. They are found all across Asia, from China to Afghanistan, and have the largest spread of any primate other than humans. There are even populations of rhesus macaques in the US, particularly Florida and South Carolina, brought as a tourist attraction in the first half of the twentieth century. They are a highly adaptable and resilient species, traits that help them in the wild but have led to their use as lab animals in captivity.

Rhesus Macaques have a head-body length of 18.5”-25.2” (47-64 cm), tail length of 8.3”-9.1” (21-23 cm), height on all fours of 16.1”-22.4” (41-57 cm), and body width between 7.9”-11” (20-28 cm). The typical weight of the Rhesus Macaque is in the range of 11.7-17 lb (5.3-7.7 kg). Rhesus Macaques have lifespans between 20-30 years in the wild and 25-40 years in captivity.

Group of measured illustrations of the Rhesus Macaque seen from the front and side
The Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) is a primate native to Asia. They are small monkeys with brown hair and red faces. They are found all across Asia, from China to Afghanistan, and have the largest spread of any primate other than humans. There are even populations of rhesus macaques in the US.

Rhesus Macaques have a head-body length of 18.5”-25.2” (47-64 cm), tail length of 8.3”-9.1” (21-23 cm), height on all fours of 16.1”-22.4” (41-57 cm), and body width between 7.9”-11” (20-28 cm). The typical weight of the Rhesus Macaque is in the range of 11.7-17 lb (5.3-7.7 kg). Rhesus Macaques have lifespans between 20-30 years in the wild and 25-40 years in captivity.

Group of measured illustrations of the Rhesus Macaque seen from the front and side
Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta)
Height:
16.1”-22.4” | 41-57 cm
Width:
7.9”-11” | 20-28 cm
Length:
18.5”-25.2” | 47-64 cm
Depth:
Weight:
11.7-17 lb | 5.3-7.7 kg
Area:

Tail Length: 8.3”-9.1” | 21-23 cm

Scientific Name
Macaca mulatta
Lifespan
20-30 years (wild); 25-40 years (captivity)

Drawings include:

Rhesus Macaque side elevation (assorted), front

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Human Flea (Pulex irritans)
Scale illustration of an average Human Flea compared to other insect species

The Human Flea (Pulex irritans) is flea species with a wide host spectrum despite its name. The species is thought to have originated in South America, and its original host may have been a guinea pig or peccary. The Human Flea has a four-part lifecycle: eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults. They are a pest species to their hosts, and bites from the insects cause an itching sensation that result in scratching by the host. They cause the skin to raise, swell, and itch, and bites will often appear in clusters or small rows, and they can remain inflamed for up to several weeks.

The Human Flea has an overall body length between .1”-.16” (2.5-4 mm), body width of .04”-.06” (.9-1.4 mm), and body height of .043”-.07” (1.1-1.8 mm). The typical lifespan of the Human Flea is between 14-16 days.

Series of measured illustrations of the Human Flea
The Human Flea (Pulex irritans) is flea species with a wide host spectrum despite its name. The species is thought to have originated in South America, and its original host may have been a guinea pig or peccary. The Human Flea has a four-part lifecycle: eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults.

The Human Flea has an overall body length between .1”-.16” (2.5-4 mm), body width of .04”-.06” (.9-1.4 mm), and body height of .043”-.07” (1.1-1.8 mm). The typical lifespan of the Human Flea is between 14-16 days.

Series of measured illustrations of the Human Flea
Human Flea (Pulex irritans)
Height:
.043”-.07” | 1.1-1.8 mm
Width:
.04”-.06” | .9-1.4 mm
Length:
.1”-.16” | 2.5-4 mm
Depth:
Weight:
Area:
Scientific Name
Pulex irritans
Lifespan
14-16 days

Drawings include:

Human Flea top view, side

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Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)

The Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the largest group of true foxes. They have a long body and short limbs typically with a rust-red fur coat. Red Foxes stand apart from other foxes due to their large size and ability to adapt to new environments.

They are native to the northern hemisphere including North America, Europe, Asia, and northern Africa with common habitats consisting of forests, grasslands, mountains, and deserts. Red foxes are typically found in pairs or small groups that consist of families. Their diet consists of small rodents, rabbits, game birds, reptiles, invertebrates, and young ungulates.

Red Foxs have a shoulder height of 14”-18” (35-46 cm), body length between 22”-34” (56-86 cm), and an overall weight in the range of 12-18 lb (5-8 kg). The typical lifespan of a Red Fox is 2-4 years in the wild and up to 10-12 years in captivity.

Set of standing side elevation drawings of the Red Fox
The Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the largest group of true foxes. They have a long body and short limbs typically with a rust-red fur coat. Red Foxes stand apart from other foxes due to their large size and ability to adapt to new environments.

Red Foxs have a shoulder height of 14”-18” (35-46 cm), body length between 22”-34” (56-86 cm), and an overall weight in the range of 12-18 lb (5-8 kg). The typical lifespan of a Red Fox is 2-4 years in the wild and up to 10-12 years in captivity.

Set of standing side elevation drawings of the Red Fox
Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Height:
14”-18” | 35-46 cm
Width:
Length:
22”-34” | 56-86 cm
Depth:
Weight:
12-18 lb | 5-8 kg
Area:
Scientific Name
Vulpes vulpes
Lifespan
2-4 years (wild); up to 10-12 years (captivity)

Drawings include:

Red Fox side elevation (standing), front (standing), side (sitting), side (lying down)

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Rough Green Snake (Opheodrys aestivus)
Comparison illustration of the size of a Rough Green Snake to other snakes

Because of its small size, the Rough Green snake (Opheodrys aestivus) would rather flee or camouflaged in dense vegetation when it sees a predator. Such a size plus ease of care make them easily domesticated, however, they are not a common pet. The rough green snake belongs to the family Colubridae, nonvenomous, diurnal, arboreal, preferring woodlands, and moist meadow besides being a good swimmer. These snakes are communal nesters with females being larger than males, though males have longer tails. They are native to North America with a yellowish belly, bright green coat, and are also called green grass snakes or grass snakes.

The Rough Green Snake has an overall length between 22”-32” (56-81 cm), body width of roughly .4”-.6” (1-1.5 cm), and weight from .03-.07 lb (15-30 g). The typical lifespan of the Rough Green Snake is between 5-15 years.

Scaled collection of drawings of Rough Green Snake in various poses
Because of its small size, the Rough Green snake (Opheodrys aestivus) would rather flee or camouflaged in dense vegetation when it sees a predator. Such a size plus ease of care make them easily domesticated, however, they are not a common pet. The rough green snake belongs to the family Colubridae.

The Rough Green Snake has an overall length between 22”-32” (56-81 cm), body width of roughly .4”-.6” (1-1.5 cm), and weight from .03-.07 lb (15-30 g). The typical lifespan of the Rough Green Snake is between 5-15 years.

Scaled collection of drawings of Rough Green Snake in various poses
Rough Green Snake (Opheodrys aestivus)
Height:
Width:
.4”-.6” | 1-1.5 cm
Length:
22”-32” | 56-81 cm
Depth:
Weight:
.03-.07 lb | 15-30 g
Area:
Scientific Name
Opheodrys aestivus
Lifespan
5-15 years

Drawings include:

Rough Green Snake top view (assorted)

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